Gas producer



Feb. 16, 1932. F. H. wArrE ET AL l 1,845,064

GAS PRODUCER Filed Feb. 18, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 G'eo e .Dal/g Feb- 16, 1932- F. H. wAlTE ET Ax. 1,8455064 GAS PRODUCER I Filed Feb.' 18, 1925 v 2 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR.

i f. il?? ATTORNEY.

- Patented Feb. 16, 1932 l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRANK H. AND GEORGE W. DAVEY, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK GAS PRODUGER Application led Fehruaryi 18,v 1925. Serial No. 10,109.

This invention relates to gas producers, more particularly to a novel and improved wall or lining therefor which may be maintained at a temperature considerably below the temperature within the producer and thus prolong the life of the construction. Various means have been resorted to in gas producer construction to keep the inner Wall at a temperature below the fusing pointvand l0 prevent clinker formation on the inner wall of the roducer. In some instances water jackets ave been built around the producer lining and in other instances, fine jets of air have been blown through the wall adjacent vthe fuel bed so as to prevent clinker formation and at the same time keep the temperature of the wall below the fusing point. Neither of the above means have proven satisfactory because either the entire producer lining must be replaced when it breaks down or the producer linings crack because of the uneven temperature maintained throughout its surface. As the result of long practice and experience in producer construction, we Vhave found that the most practical manner of maintaining the producer lining at a temperature below the fusing point and maintaining a comparatively even temperature of the lining throughout its entire surface, is by means of introducing air in all directions through the interior of the producer lining and at the same time utilizing the air which becomes preheated for aiding combustion.

A further object of our invention is to provide a gas producer lining which is built up of superimposed blocks constructed and arranged to provide continuous air passages or channels throughout the entire surface of the Wall when so constructed, so that a constant flow of air or a mixture of air and steam may take place through the gas producer lining and particularly the blocks so that they are maintained at a temperature below the fusing point.

In order to more fully understand and appreciate our invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings showing a preferred embodiment thereof, wherein;

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a gas producer constructed in accordance with our invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional View therethrough, on the line 2-2 thereof.l

' Figure 3 is a bottom view of an outer block. Figure 4 is a face view of the outer block.

Figure 5 is an end view thereof. l Figure 6 isa perspective view of the block. Figure 7 is a top view of the inner block. Figure 8 is a face View thereof. Figure 9 is an end view. l Figure 10 is a perspective view of the inne block.

Figure 11 is a horizontal sectional view taken through a producer built up of and utilizing the inner block shown in Figures 7 to l0 inclusive. d

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters' designate corresponding parts throughout the several views;

5 designates the ash pit, 6 the iioor and 7 the side wallx The main air inlet 8 and a plurality of auxiliary inlets 9 are provided below the grate bars 10, the main air supply or draft through the inlet 8 being from any eXte source whereas the auxiliary air linlets 9 are adapted to permit the entrance of air from the gas producer lining subsequently to be referred to. The arch dome or cone top 11 is provided with fuel intakes 12,`whereby the fuel is fed in any well known manner into the interior of the gas producer. Between the sloping wall or partition 13 of the interior of the arch or equivalent and the outer wall portion 14 a manifold 15 is provided which is in communication with an air intakel extending through the top of the dome l and steam and water conduits 17, 17, which extend outwardly and through the outer wall 18 of the gas produc-er.

The producer gas outlet 20 is located near the top of the gas producer and below the dome 11 and leads to a superheater or other construction in the manufacturing plant, not shown.

Referring particularly to Figure 1 of the drawings, it will be observed that the walls of the ash pit are provided with enlargedv openings 21, immediately below the gas producer lining, said openings, of course, comtongue 35. A

municating with the openings 9 whereby the air entering'the gas roducer lining either by natural draft or orced draft, cools the wall of the gas producer and is itself preheated.

The gas producer lining proper is com- .posed of superimposed, segmental blocks such as shown b Figures 6 and 10 of the drawings. Speci 'cally the outer block 22 and the inner block 23 are segmental in shape and interit so as to produce a circular gas producer lining, defining the as producin chamber B, as clearly shown by Figure 2 o the drawings. The outer block 22 is of special construction having a back Wall 24 and a front wall 25, the superimposed blocks being set immediately adjacent the outside wall 18 of the producer as shown by Figures l and 2 of the drawings. The block is provided with vertical channels or passageways 27, 28, and top and bottom longitudinal channels or passageways 28a, 29, which of course communicate with the vertical passageways 27, 28. The front Wall or face of the block 25 is also provided with top and bottom channels or air passageways 30, 31, which communicate with the vertical passageways above referred to and in turn with the longitudinal passageways when the blocks are set on each other. In order to permit the respective outer blocks 22 to be set properly, the top of the front wall 25 is provided with a tongue 32 and the end wall 33 of the block is provided with a groove 34, the opposite end wall of the block having a oove 36 extending longitudinally of the bottom of the blockI permits it to interfit with the corresponding tongue 32 of the next adjacent block as the producer lining is being built. In other words, the tongue 32 on the top of the front wall 25 and the tongue 3 5 on the end wall of the block interiits with correspondino-` grooves 36, 34, of the nextH adjacent block, 1t beingofl course understood that the channels or passageways 28a, 29, are continuous and that the vertical passageways through the blocks are also continuous throughout the entire producer lining.

The inner block 23 of the producer lining or wall is similar in construction when the entire rear wall of the-block 22 is re arded as cut away. In other words, blocks aving` three ribs 37, 38, 39, are formed with the front wall or face 40, the said inner block being set so that 'the ribs 37, 38, 39, abut the faces 25 of the outer blocks, the passages or channels 30, 31, thus communicating with the vertical passages as well as the longitudinal top and bottom passages thus formed when the superimposed blocks 23 are thus set. In the same manner, the tongues 41, 42, of the inner or front block intert with the grooves 43, 44, on the end and bottom of the respective inner blocks heretofore referred to, when they are set. Particular attentioi.. is directed to the fact that the producer lining thus formed, which consists ractically of a double wall of superimposed locks permits of the maximum air circulation through the interior or body of the linin so that vthe air entering the manifold from t ie air intake and the steam or water as the case may be entering the manifold from the conduits 17, 17 may circulate in every direction through the entire producer lining. The inner block 23 may be regarded as set in a staggered relation with respect to the outer block 22 but it will be readily recognized that the passages 30 and 31 of the outer block permit the air to enter the passages between the'respective ribs 37, 38, 39, as well as the top and bottom longitudinal passa es formed between the inner and outer locks since the said ribs 37, 38 and '39, are cut short of the to and bottom of the block.

nder certain conditions a producer lining maybe constructed of blocks such as shown by Figures 7 to 11 inclusive wherein the producer consists of an outer shell 45, an asbestos lining 46 and a brick wall 47. Blocks of the single inner linin wall 238L of Fig. 11, may be set so that the' r1 s 37, 38 and 39, abut the brick lining 47 so as .to produce both longitudinal air passageways or channels and the communicating a1r passageways or channels 48. In the construction particularly shown by Figure 1 of the drawings, it will be ap )reciated that a producer lining constructe in the manner shown` and described will permit of ,the maximum of air circulation throughout its entire surface. In fact, the lining may be regarded as consistin of a triple wall and consequently heat ra iation to the atmosphere is reduced to a minimum. Under practical working conditions, it will be readily recognized that any portion of the gas producer lining may be easily replaced, if necessary, thus reducing the replacement cost, avoiding the necessity of tearing down the entire gas producer as has been the practice in many instances heretofore, and minimizing the loss of time. Under ythe most trying conditions, the inner wall 23 may be partially or entirely 'replaced without affectin the outer wall built up of the blocks 22. e have shown a gas producer constructed of se mental blocks and it will be readily recognlzed and appreciated that other types of gas producers may be constructed and linings of refractory materials 4made embodying the above principle of wall construction.

From Figs. land 2 it Will be seen that the 'two communicating systems of horizontal and vertical passages, that is, the inner one and the outer one, are so spaced laterally of the wall structure that the portions of the refractory blocks den'ning such passages, i; e. the portions 24, 25 and 40, are progressively thicker toward the inside of the wall, this arthe passages and a producer gas outlet for rangement being conducive to lon er life for the chamber.

In testimony whereof we affix our signathe refractories exposed to the e, and to economy' of refractory material, as well as tending towardy a more uniform utilization of heat as between the systems of passages, and, inA consequence, a more uniform preheating of theair and steam owing therethrough.

While we have illustrated and described our invention with some degree of particularity, we realize that in practice various alterations therein maybe made; We therefore reserve the right and privilege of changing the form of the details of construction or tures.

otherwise altering the arrangement of the correlated parts without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims. l f

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is 1'..In gas producer apparatus; ducer wall comprising superposed double courses of refractory blocks defining a gas producer generating chamber, each double course having a plurality of laterally spaced horizontally disposed passages with in tercommunicating channels therebetween, and vertical passages through the courses connecting superj acent horizontal passages, together with air and steam inlets for the passages and a producer gas outlet for the-chamber, the

a gas prolateral spacing of the horizontal and vertical passages being such that the bodies of refractory material denng said passages are succeslively thicker toward the inner side of the wa 2. In gas produced apparatus of the character described, a wall defining a gas producing chamber and formed of an inner layer and an outer layer, of refractory blocks, said outer layer havinga system of intercommunicating horizontal and vertical passages therein, and said inner layer having a system of intercommunicating horizontal and vertical channels on its face adjacent the outer layer formlng with said outer layer a similar system of passages, and air and steam inlets for the passages and a producer gas outlet for the cham- 3. In gas producer apparatus of the character described, a wall defining a gas producing chamber and formed of an inner layer and an outer layer, of refractory blocks, said outer layer having a system of intercommunicating horizontal and `vertical passages therein, and said inner layer having a system of inl tereommunicating horizontal and vertical channels on its faoevadjacent the outer layer forming with said outer layer a similar sys-j tem of passages, together with transverse passages in the outer layer communicating with the two systems of vertical and horizontal passages, and air and steam inlets for FRANK H'. vsrnrrri.` [1.. a] -GEORGE W. DAVEY. [1.5.] 

